Gallstones are solidified deposits of digestive fluids that can form in your gallbladder. Your gallbladder is a little, pear-shaped organ on the right side of your abdomen, just underneath your liver. The gallbladder holds digestive liquid called bile that is secreted into your small intestine. Gallstones vary in size from as little as a grain of sand to as extensive as a golf ball.

The two fundamental types of gallstones are

• Cholesterol stones. These are generally yellow-green. They're the most common form, making up 80% of gallstones.
• Pigment stones. These are smaller and darker. They're made of bile pigments

Symptoms of gall stones

• Sudden and sharp pain in the upper right segment of your abdomen
• Sudden and quickly increasing pain in the centre point of your abdomen, just underneath your breastbone
• Pain in your right shoulder
• Nausea or vomiting
• dark urine
• clay-coloured stools
• stomach pain
• diarrhoea
• indigestion

Gallstones may result when

• Your bile contains a lot of cholesterol: Typically, your bile contains enough synthetic compounds to break down the cholesterol discharged by your liver. Yet, on the off chance that your liver discharges more cholesterol than your bile can break up, the extra cholesterol may form into crystals and in the end into stones.
• Your bile contains an excessive amount of bilirubin: Bilirubin is a synthetic that is created when your body breakdowns red blood cells. Certain conditions cause your liver to make an excessive amount of bilirubin, including liver cirrhosis, biliary tract diseases and certain blood disorders. The overabundant bilirubin contributes to gallstone formation.
• Your gallbladder doesn't empty effectively. On the off chance that your gallbladder doesn't empty totally or frequently enough, bile may turn out to be extremely concentrated, resulting in the formation of gallstones.

Cholecystectomy implies the surgical removal of the gallbladder. This is typically performed laproscopically. Individuals who undergo open surgery require a longer hospital stay. Keeping away from foods high in saturated fats can assist with decreasing the danger of gallstones formation, for example, margarine, hard cheddar, cakes.

Controlling bodyweight may likewise help stall the development of gallstones. Quick weight reduction increases the danger of creating gallstones.

An individual can survive without a gallbladder. The liver delivers enough bile to process an ordinary eating routine. On the off chance that an individual's gallbladder is evacuated, the bile arrives at the small digestive tract from the liver through the hepatic channels, as opposed to being put away in the gallbladder.